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What Are the Treatment Methods for Phobia Disorder?
Fear is a natural human emotion designed to help one survive by protecting oneself from life-threatening dangers. However, when fear intensifies beyond normal or is associated with something that doesn't warrant concern, it becomes a psychological disorder known as phobia or fear disorder.
What Is Phobia or Fear Disorder?
Phobia is an irrational fear of something or a place, and it is one of the types of mental disorders. Individuals with phobia experience symptoms of dread upon seeing, touching, or merely being in a certain place. Sometimes, the fear arises just from thinking about the thing. This phobia negatively impacts the affected individual, preventing them from leading their daily lives normally. Phobia typically begins in adolescence, often abruptly, appearing as a bout of intense fear due to the presence of the factor causing the phobia. In most cases, the true cause of the phobia is unknown, but with psychological treatment, the underlying reasons for the phobia can be understood and addressed.
Types of Phobias
The sources and factors that can cause phobias vary, but they can be categorized into two main groups: Specific or Simple Phobias: These phobias revolve around specific things or situations, such as:
Acrophobia:
Extreme fear of heights, leading to avoidance of such places.
Aviophobia:
Fear of flying and exposure to plane accidents.
Astraphobia:
Intense fear of thunder sounds.
Claustrophobia:
Severe fear of being in confined spaces like elevators, tunnels, or even cars.
Hemophobia:
Extreme fear of seeing blood or injuries.
Illness or Pain Phobia:
Severe fear and anxiety about experiencing pain or contracting any illness.
Zoophobia and Entomophobia:
Extreme fear of certain animals or insects like dogs, cats, spiders, snakes, or mice.
Complex Phobias:
Typically appearing in youth, this type of phobia significantly affects the patient's life compared to specific or simple phobias. Examples include:
Social Phobia:
Severe fear and anxiety when interacting with people or speaking in public, greatly affecting relationships with colleagues, friends, and even family members.
Agoraphobia:
Excessive fear of being in open spaces to the point of avoiding leaving the house, often hereditary.
What Are the Symptoms of Phobia?
Individuals with phobias experience symptoms when they see or touch the source of their fear, or sometimes even just by thinking about it. These symptoms can include: Nausea Sweating Dizziness and lightheadedness Increased heart rate or palpitations Shortness of breath Trembling or shaking Stomach upset
What Causes Phobia?
Phobia often begins in early childhood or adolescence due to a traumatic experience or event. Occasionally, a family member's experience with a certain phobia can make a child more susceptible to developing the same type of phobia, such as arachnophobia (fear of spiders).
Treatment Methods for Phobia or Anxiety Disorder
The treatment for phobia varies, often focusing on psychotherapy, although in some cases, medication may be necessary. The goal of treatment is to improve the patient's quality of life, ensuring that the phobia does not become a debilitating constraint preventing them from leading a normal life. Treatment methods include: Exposure Therapy: Considered one of the best treatments for phobia, exposure therapy aims to change the patient's response to the thing or situation that frightens them. Gradual and repeated exposure to the specific source of the phobia, along with associated feelings, can help the patient learn how to control their fear and anxiety. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This therapy involves dialogue with the patient and training them in methods to see the thing or situation that scares them differently, helping them overcome their fears. Medication: In some cases, a psychiatrist may prescribe short-term medications to reduce the severity of anxiety and panic symptoms experienced by the patient. These medications are often limited to the period of exposure to the phobia source, such as traveling by plane or public speaking engagements.
What is the Difference Between a Psychologist and a Psychiatrist? And When Should I See a Psychologist?
Many people go through problems, crises, and sometimes mental illnesses, and they get confused when thinking about seeking psychological treatment. Should they go to a psychiatrist or a psychologist?Both are trained in dealing with the mind and providing psychological care to patients, but each differs in the approach to treatment and the types of psychological problems they specialize in treating
Here we will explain the main similarities and differences between a psychiatrist and a psychologist and answer this question.
First: The Main Differences Between a Psychiatrist and a Psychologist
1. Type of Education
The nature of education differs between a psychiatrist and a psychologist, but both require obtaining a masters degree.
Psychiatrists studied medicine for 7 years then specialized in psychiatry and received training for at least four years in hospitals and rehabilitation centers on diagnosis and approved therapeutic methods.
As for psychologists, they studied in the Faculty of Education or the Faculty of Arts in the Department of Psychology for 4 years, then received practical training in psychiatric hospitals for at least one year to obtain a professional license.
2. Psychological Problems Each Specializes In Treating
Psychiatrists specialize in critical mental conditions and mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit disorder, and other mental illnesses that require treatment.
Whereas psychologists specialize in moderate or mild cases such as behavioral modification, sleep disorders, tension in emotional relationships, and other behavioral problems.
3. Prescribing Medication
Prescribing medication is the responsibility of psychiatrists alone because they work on both the psychological and biological levels at the same time, understanding the bodys nature and genetic history. They studied anatomy and the bodys response to medications in medical school in addition to their knowledge of the side effects of drugs.
Whereas psychologists are not allowed to prescribe or administer medication because they do not have sufficient knowledge of its biological effects and side effects.
4. Diagnosis and Treatment Methods
Psychiatrists provide comprehensive care for the patient as they focus on family and social support for the patient and their upbringing since childhood.
They may also request some types of tests and psychological measures to help with diagnosis. In cases where the patient suffers from an organic problem causing the psychological problem, the psychiatrist may resort to drug intervention alongside psychological and behavioral therapy.
Whereas psychologists rely on understanding the patients upbringing and its effect on their behavior. They offer some psychological tests and measures to help diagnose cases and rely on modifying the patients misconceptions and improving their mental state away from medication and medical examinations.
5. Practice
The ideal form of providing psychological service and care is that the first line is the psychiatrist, as they study the case and determine whether it is mild, moderate, or critical, then refer it to a psychologist.
If the cases are mild or moderate, they only require psychological treatment without drug intervention.
There are some critical cases where after the psychiatrist finishes the drug treatment, they may refer the cases to the psychologist to continue with psychological rehabilitation.
Second: What are the Similarities Between a Psychiatrist and a Psychologist?
After presenting the main differences between a psychiatrist and a psychologist, we will present the similarities between them:
1. Both are trained to understand the nature of the mind, thinking, and behaviors.
2. Both have the ability to provide counseling and psychological support.
3. Both improve and develop the patients thinking and behaviors.
Should I See a Psychiatrist or a Psychologist?
After presenting the main differences and similarities between a psychiatrist and a psychologist, we will answer the question most patients ask about which type of therapist to seek help from:
● You should see a psychiatrist if:
1. The condition is critical or when suffering from certain mental illnesses such as depression, schizophrenia, or obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other illnesses that require a specialist to request the necessary tests and scans and prescribe the appropriate medication.
2. The medical condition has persisted for a long time or has recurred after treatment.
3. Psychological rehabilitation alone is not effective, and medication intervention is needed.
4. You are considering harming yourself or suicide.
5. Your treating doctor recommends seeing a specialist psychiatrist.
● You will need to see a psychologist if:
1. You are experiencing anxiety, depression, psychological pressures, or other difficulties affecting mental health.
2. You feel that life is difficult and need psychological support to cope with it.
3. You need to assess your mental health if you feel it is not okay.
4. You are experiencing many marital problems and need help dealing with them.
5. Your child is experiencing behavioral and coping problems and needs behavior modification.
6. You have experienced an emotional shock or a painful loss and need support to overcome it in a healthy way.
